Reference Data for
Hawg Capacitor
Design and Experiment



Conductances of Some Electrolytes

Aqueous Solutions of Infinite Dilution at 25oC
Conductance in Ohm-1cm2equiv-1
Formula Chemical Name Conductance
AgNO3 Silver Chloride 133.36
BaCl2 Barium Chloride 139.98
CaCl2 Calcium Chloride 135.84
Ca(OH)2 Calcium Hydroxide 257.9
CuSO4 Copper Sulfate 133.6
HCl Hydrochloric Acid 426.16
KBr Potassium Bromide 151.9
KCl Potassium Chloride 149.86
KClO4 Potassium Chlorate 133.36
K3Fe(CN)6 Potassium Ferrocyanide 174.5
K4Fe(CN)6 Potassium Ferrocyanide 184.5
KHCO3 Potassium Hydrocarbonate 118.0
KI Potassium Iodide 150.38
KIO4 Potassium Iodate 133.36
KNO3 Silver Chloride 144.96
KReO4 128.2
LaCl3 Lanthanum Chloride 145.8
LiCl Lithium Chloride 115.03
LiClO4 Lithium Chlorate 105.98
MgCl2 Magnesium Chloride 129.4
NH4Cl Ammonium Chloride 149.7
NaCl Sodium Chloride 126.46
NaClO4 Sodium Hypochlorite 117.48
NaI Sodium Iodide 126.94
NaOOCCH3 Sodium 91.0
NaOOCC2H5 Sodium 85.9
NaOOCC3H7 Sodium 82.7
NaOH Sodium Hydroxide 247.8
Na2SO4 Sodium Sulfate 129.9
SrCl2 Strontium Chloride 135.8
ZnSO4 Zinc Sulfate 145.8


Electrical Capacitances of Some Common Containers

Typical Empirical Values of Household Items
Liquid Electrodes, With Voltage Standoff Clearances
Description Material Fluid
Capacity		 Thickness Dielectric
Constant
k		 Dielectric
Loss
tan θ		 Capacitance

nF		 Breakdown
Voltage
kV DC
Soda Pop Bottle Oriented PET 1 liter 0.010 in 2.8 0.001 ? nF ? 20 kV
Soda Pop Bottle Oriented PET 2 liter 0.010 in 2.8 0.001 8 nF ? 20 kV
Cider Jug Glass, clear 1 gal 0.010 in ? 0.001 2.4 nF ? 50 kV
Beer Bottle, Sam Adams Glass, brown 12 oz ? in ? ? ? nF ?? kV
Wine Bottle, Ecco Domani Glass, green 750 mL ? in ? ? ? nF ?? kV
Champagne Bottle Glass 1 liter ? in ? ? ? nF ?? kV
Polyethylene Bucket LDPE 5 gal ? in ? ? ? nF ?? kV
Mineral Water Bottle LDPE 5 gal ? in ? ? ? nF ?? kV



Packing Identical Circles in a Larger Circle





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